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ECHO Development Notes (EDN) (English)

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  1. EDN Issue #171
    2025-09-22 The Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica): A Natural Treasure for Crop Protection The Difference-in-Differences Approach to Evaluate the Impact of a Project Echoes from Our Network: Using Solar Energy in GreenhouseOperations From ECHO's Seed Bank: Black Gram (Vigna mungo) urd bean, urad dhal Books,...





  2. EDN Issue #170
    2025-07-10 Should I Apply for Organic Certification? A Practical Guide for Farmers and Producers Is Aquaponics for me? Echoes from Our Network: Grow Fertility using Green Manure/Cover Crops From ECHO’s Seed Bank: ‘Georgia-1’ pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan)





  3. EDN Issue #169
    2025-04-01 Direct Solar Dryers:A simple, cheap option for solar food drying Echoes from Our Network: In-Field Grafted Avocado andFertility Ditches with Elephant Grass and/or Bananas From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Moth Bean Vigna aconitifolia, a Multipurpose Legume for Arid Climates Books, Websites, and Other...





  4. EDN Issue #168
    2025-02-05 10-Day Organic Liquid Protective Fertilizer Raw, Boiled, and Fermented Banana Stalk Comparison for use in Farm-generated Pig Feed Grey Water for Watering Plants From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Vigna vexillata, A Multi-Purpose Legume with Edible Tubers Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Invitation to...





  5. EDN Issue #167
    2024-12-16 Harvesting Water with Hafirs : Lessons from East Africa Echoes from our Network: Six Mulching Principles From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Adzuki Bean Books, Websites, and Other Resources: Tools for Underutilized Crop Selection - VACS Explorer, CropBase, ISHS Symposium on Underutilized Crop Species and...





  6. EDN Issue #166
    2024-10-01 ECHO is excited to share with you that we are re-engaging with our Central America and Caribbean (CAC) partners and network members through the establishment of a Regional Impact Center (RIC). We have heard the needs in the region and are focusing our efforts on being able to fully support a RIC...





  7. EDN Issue #165
    2024-08-01 Towards the use of Biopesticides Echoes from our Network: Fall Armyworm Question and Answerwith Dr. Allan Hruska, Ph.D. From ECHO's Seed Bank: Cucurbita Mochata 'Thai Kang Kob' Open-source Journals:The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico and Ag4Dev





  8. EDN Issue #164
    2024-06-03 Poly-propagators Coffee Parchment as a Feed Supplement for Dairy Cattle Echoes from our Network:Paddy Rice Seed Assessment Using Salt and Eggs From ECHO's Seed Bank:Wild Marigold for Natural Pest Control and More Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Compendium of Forgotten Foods in Africa





  9. EDN Issue #163
    2024-04-01 Harvesting and Drying Considerations for Quality Moringa Leaf Powder Echoes from our Network:Options for Snail Control From ECHO's Seed Bank:Jute Mallow ‘Thai‘ Books, Websites, and Other Resources:ECHOcommunity Mobile App – Plant Records Tutorial





  10. EDN Issue #162
    2024-01-01 Contour Cultivation and Live Barriers for Small-Scale Farmers Taro (Colocasia esculenta) From ECHO’s Seed Bank:Oven-Dried Rice as a Desiccant for Seed Drying Books, Websites, and Other Resources: ECHOCommunity Mobile App - Resource Management





  11. EDN Issue #161
    2023-10-02 Factors that Impact Seed Germination Echoes From our Network: Moringa Spacing Considerations From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Clay Beads for Drying and Preserving Seeds Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Aprovecho.org-Information onFuel-Efficient Cookstoves





  12. EDN Issue #160
    2023-07-13 Low-Cost Seed Storage Technologies Extending Postharvest Life of Fresh Produce: After-harvest handling Echoes From our Network: Experiments to Control Millipedes with Locally Available Ingredients From ECHO's Seed Bank: Erythrina berteroana





  13. EDN Issue #159
    2023-03-28 Triage and Recovery of Small Fallen Trees 2022 ECHO International Agriculture Conference: Topic Summaries Echoes from our Network: Low Resource Control of Leaf Cutter Ants From ECHO's Seed Bank: Guazuma ulmifolia, a multi-purpose tree Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Trees with Edible Leaves...





  14. EDN Issue #158
    2023-01-06 Is Drip Irrigation Right for Me? Recap of Options for Storing Grains Echoes from our Network: Hermetic Sealing in Haiti From ECHO's Seed Bank: 'Starfighter' Lettuce Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation (TAPE)





  15. EDN Issue #157
    2022-10-03 Bioliquid Fertilizer Update Considerations for crop selection Echoes from our Network:Tithonia and neem fermented liquid for termite control From ECHO's Seed Bank: ‘Asia Cayenne’: A Mild-Tasting Chili Pepper Books, Websites, and Other Resources:VITA resources revivedandThe Fertilizer and Seed...





  16. EDN Issue #156
    2022-07-01 Extending Postharvest Life of Fresh Fruit: Harvest for Quality Chicken Compost System Echoes from our Network:Microcontroller use From ECHO's Seed Bank:Allium cepa ‘Awahia’A Short-Day Onion Option Books, Websites, and Other Resources: Discount on Roland Bunch's Second Edition of "Restoring the...





  17. EDN Issue #155
    2022-04-12 Low-Cost Microcontrollers: Applications for Small-Scale Agriculture Echoes from our Network: A Deep Litter System for Natural Chicken Production From ECHO's Seed Bank: 'KDV-1' Maize Books, Websites, and Other Resources:WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal PlantsandCanadian Foodgrains Bank Video...





  18. EDN Issue #154
    2022-01-12 Extending Postharvest Life of Fresh Fruit: Harvest at the Right Time Echoes from our Network: Homegarden Agroforestry From ECHO's Seed Bank:Chipilín Books, Websites, and Other Resources:CTA publications,CVM publications, and App Translation





  19. EDN Issue #153
    2021-10-04 Moringa Productivity with Legume Intercropping Insect Pest Management:Evaluation and Assessment Echoes from our Network: Gliricidia-Annual Intercropping System From ECHO's Seed Bank:‘Lacinato’ Kale for Home Gardens Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Food Plant Solutions andDownloadable Books





  20. EDN Issue #152
    2021-07-06 Insect Pest Management: Options for Controlling Pest Populations From ECHO's Seed Bank:Everglades (Wild) Tomato Echoes from our Network: Acacia angustissima Farming Improvement Experience Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Soy Kit as an Appropriate Technology for Women Entrepreneurs - A Review...





  21. EDN Issue #151
    2021-04-06 Insect Pest Management: Options for Monitoring Pest Populations From ECHO's Seed Bank:Apios americana Echoes from our Network: Subscribe to ECHO Asia Notes! Books, Websites, and Other Resources:Review of Agroforestry Design ToolTM





  22. EDN Issue #150
    2021-01-20 Perennial Vegetables and Nutrition From ECHO's Seed Bank:Factors to Consider when Selecting a Pigeon Pea Variety Echoes from our Network: 2020 ECHO International Agriculture Conference Books, Websites, and Other Resources:ECHOcommunity Mobile App Announcement





  23. EDN Issue #149
    2020-10-16 Farmer-Centered Climate Change Mitigation:Part 2 of 2 From ECHO's Seed Bank:A Seed Trial Report - How Seeds from ECHO Grew in a Dry-Season Garden in Uganda Echoes from our Network: Grafting Tamarillo and Other Solanaceous Crops for Nematode Resistance Books, Websites, and Other Resources:AT Fair...





  24. EDN Issue #148
    2020-07-17 Farmer-Centered Climate Change Mitigation:Part 1 of 2 Are Crickets a Practical Source of Protein in Tropical Countries? From ECHO's Seed Bank: Cowpea Varieties for Warm Rainy Season ECHOes from our Network: Emergency Gardens in a Quarantine World Books, Websites, and Other Resources:New ECHO...





  25. EDN Issue #147
    2020-04-14 Responding in the Case of an Epidemic or Pandemic A Tip of the Hat to the Tippy Tap Promoting Biodiversity on Maize Smallholdings: Importance of Birds From ECHO's Seed Bank:Fast-Growing Plants for Household Food Supply Echoes from Our Network: 100-Fold Gardens in Honduras Books, Web Sites, and...





  26. EDN Issue #146
    2020-01-27 Low Oxygen Methods for InsectControl in Seeds ECHO International Agriculture Conference 2019:Topic Summaries Echoes from our Network:Roger Gietzen on the topic of syntropic farming Books, Web Sites and Other Resources: Vetiver Latrine





  27. EDN Issue #145
    2019-10-18 Pest Prevention: The Foundation of Integrated Pest Management Echoes from our Network:Nutrition Education inthe Context of Community Agriculture Programs From ECHO's Seed Bank:New Lima Bean CultivarsAvailable Books, Web Sites, and Other Resources: Syntropic Farming Guidebook by Roger Gietzen





  28. EDN Issue #144
    2019-07-24 Introducing 100-Fold Gardens: Wicking Beds for High-Density Planting of Vegetables Where Water is Scarce Echoes from our Netwok: Literacy and Agriculture and Termite Harvesting in Ghana From ECHO's Seed Bank: Earthbag Houses for Storing Seeds Books, Web Sites, and Other Resources: Restoring the...





  29. EDN Issue #143
    2019-04-26 Learning about and from local seed systems Germination to Detoxify Jack Bean Techniques to Boost Plants’ Stress Tolerance and Extend Fruit Marketability From ECHO's Seed Bank: Fever Tree Books, Web Sites and Other Resources:Planetary Health Diet Proposal





  30. EDN Issue #142
    2019-01-29 Understanding Agriculture-Nutrition Linkages EIAC 2018 Topic Summaries Echoes from our Network: Intercropping Native Shrubs From ECHO's Seed Bank: Rollinia Books, Web Sites and Other Resources: Feed the Future Technical Briefs





  31. EDN Issue #141
    2018-10-17 Shea Nut: The Butter Tree For How Long Should Chaya Leaves be Boiled? Green Leafy Vegetables: Leaf Powder for Improved Nutrition From ECHO's Seed Bank: Jewels of Opar, An edible ornamental SPRINGNutrition-Sensitive Agriculture Training Resource Package





  32. EDN Issue #140
    2018-07-18 Farmer Field School Trials of 2:4:2 Maize/Legume Intercropping Laurel Wilt Disease: "Save the Guac!" Echoes from our Network: Metal silos for grain storage From ECHO's Seed Bank: Culantro Let’s Restore Our Land andFarming for Change curriculum





  33. EDN Issue #139
    2018-04-27 Anthropology as a tool for facilitating agricultural development Invasion of the Fall Armyworm Echoes from our Network: Millepede Damage From ECHO's Seed Bank: Passionfruit Books, Web Sites and Other Resources: Permaculture for Refugees in Camps





  34. EDN Issue #138
    2018-01-31 Yellow Shoot, Green Fruit: Citrus Greening Disease EIAC 2017 Topic Summaries Echoes from our Network: edible insect feedback From ECHO's Seed Bank: Tree Lucerne(Tagasaste),multipurpose forage crop for the highlands eBook Release: Agricultural Options for Small-Scale Farmers





  35. EDN Issue #137
    2017-10-23 Insects for Food and Feed Resilient Bamboo Invitation to LEAD Asia Web-Based Talk Echoes from our Network: Living Fence Advice from Roy Danforth From ECHO's Seed Bank: Tamarind, a Tart Addition for the Home Garden eBook Releases: Options for Coping with Crop or Animal Pests, Seed Saving and...





  36. EDN Issue #136
    2017-07-17 Crop monitoring for early detection of insect pests A mystery lychee-related illness is solved Do all parts of a chaya plant contain hydrocyanic acid? Echoes from our Network: Women and Agriculture response from SaraDelaney on Farming as a Family Business From ECHO's Seed Bank: Are my seeds dry...





  37. EDN Issue #135
    2017-04-12 Biofortified crops: What are they, how do they work and why should we grow them? The cheers and challenges of Conservation Agriculture programs Echoes from our Network:Woman and Agriculture feedback from Joel Matthews From ECHO's Seed Bank: Gac - A colorful and health-promoting fruit eBook...





  38. EDN Issue #134
    2017-01-16 Women in Agriculture ECHO International Agricultre Conference 2016 Topic Summaries From ECHO's Seed Bank: Tithonia for green manure eBook Release:Fundamentals of Agricultural Development epublication





  39. EDN Issue #133
    2016-10-18 Bamboo A "2:4:2" Maize/Legume Intercropping Pattern Paper Mulberry: A Complicated Agroforestry Resource Echoes from our Network: Stinging chaya,fruits for high rainfall areas and exotic leaf miner problem in Nigerian tomatoes Book Review:Handbook for Integrated Soil Fertility Management Website...





  40. EDN Issue #132
    2016-07-11 Detecting Aflatoxin in Agricultural Commodities Community Animal Health Workers Support Small-Scale Livestock Production Echoes from Our Network From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Marigold for Companion Planting Save and Grow in Practice: A guide to sustainable cereal production Upcoming Events





  41. EDN Issue #131
    2016-04-08 Kitchen Gardens in Burundi – “the new way to grow vegetables” Use of Moringa Leaf Extract as an Effective and Easy Crop Growth Enhancer Echoes from Our Network From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Legume Seed Highlights The Carbon Farming Solution Upcoming Events





  42. EDN Issue #130
    2016-01-25 Tire Contaminants from a Container Gardening Perspective Cyantesmo Paper for Detecting Cyanide Effective Use of Workshops in Agriculture Extension Echoes from our Network From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Vegetable Seed Highlights Books, Websites and Other Resources Upcoming Events





  43. EDN Issue #129
    2015-10-30 Permaculture In Development: An introduction to permaculture and its application in agriculture development From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Inca nut (Plukenetia volubilis) Books, Websites and Other Resources Upcoming Events





  44. EDN Issue #128
    2015-07-23 Carbon Farming: Building Soils and Stabilizing the Climate Farmer Engagement in Agriculture Extension Echoes from our Network: Negotiating two seemingly contradictory understandings of cooperatives From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Naranjilla





  45. EDN Issue #127
    2015-04-30 Private Service Providers: Preferred by Smallholders Farmer Co-operatives Echoes from our Network: Conservation Agriculture in Areas with High Rainfall Books, Websites and Other Resources





  46. EDN Issue #126
    2015-01-20 Bicycle Pump Vacuum Sealer for Seed Storage Selenium and Human Health From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Sorghum Pollination ECHO South Africa Research Update Book Reviews: The System of Crop Intensification Agricultural Prosperity for Dry Africa





  47. EDN Issue #125
    2014-10-20 Bringing Back the Pollinators From ECHO’s Seed Bank: ECHO Plants that Attract Pollinators Echoes from our Network: Cucumber as an intercrop Book Reviews: 100 Tropical Fruits, Nuts, and Spices for the Central African Garden by Roy Danforth and Paul Noren Agroforestry in the Central African Home...





  48. EDN Issue #124
    2014-07-01 FONDAMA Yard Garden Program From ECHO’s Seed Bank: 2013/2014 Tomato Observation Trial From Our Regional Impact Centers Books, Websites and Other Resources: Perennial Vegetables In Memoriam: Richard D. Chapin





  49. EDN Issue #123
    2014-04-20 Why Many African Farmers Choose Not to Engage in Development Russian Comfrey for Fertilizer, Feed and More Living Mulch under Maize Risk Aversion and Diversification





  50. EDN Issue #122
    2014-01-01 Strategies to Help Prepare for and Respond to Disaster Echoes from our Network: Increasing Interest in Chaya From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Dual-Purpose Cowpea Varieties Books, Websites and Other Resources Upcoming Events





  51. EDN Issue #121
    2013-10-20 A Compendium of Free Online Courses, Books and Other Resources Natural Farming 2013 Okra Observation Trial Rethinking a Basic Assumption in Ag Development: Risk Aversion vs Hunger and Exhaustion South Africa Research Update





  52. EDN Issue #120
    2013-07-20 Job’s Tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.), a Resilient and Multipurpose Grain The System of Crop Intensification From Our Regional Impact Centers Implementing Your Agricultural Project / Farm Plan: Farm Management Principles





  53. EDN Issue #119
    2013-04-20 Further Support for the Use of Lablab in Dry Areas Lablab (Lablab purpureus), a New Staple Crop for the Sudano Sahel Concentrating Manure near Crop Plants Boosts Soil Fertility Trace Elements and Human Health





  54. EDN Issue #118
    2013-01-20 A Caution about Euphorbia tirucalli Seed production of Uberlandia Carrots in semi arid Africa Engaging Non-Governmental Organizations in Newcastle Disease Control Village Chickens, Food Security and Poverty Alleviation: The Benefits of Newcastle Disease Control in Southern Africa Planning an...





  55. EDN Issue #117
    2012-10-20 Developing Low-Cost Assistive Technologies for Persons with Disabilities ECHOcommunity.org – The First Year Annual Leafy Greens Variety Trial





  56. EDN Issue #116
    2012-07-01 Living Fences Intercropping for Pest Control: The Push-Pull Approach Upcoming Events From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Pumpkin variety trial results ECHOes from our Network: Note from Bill Mebane From Our Regional Impact Centers





  57. EDN Issue #115
    2012-04-20 Baobab Seed Available Wick Irrigation Sequel to Amaranth to Zai Holes Microfinance: The Savings Group Model





  58. EDN Issue #114
    2012-01-01 Schoolyard and Community Gardens Tolerance of Moringa oleifera to Freeze Events Books, Websites and Other Resources: Empowering Children From ECHO’s Seed Bank: Moringa drouhardii and M. ovalifolia





  59. EDN Issue #113
    2011-10-20 Spider Flower (Cleome gynandra) East Africa’s Drought: Q and A The Importance of Indigenous Food Plants Famine in the Horn of Africa Introducing ECHO’s New Online Community Portal—in over 30 Languages!





  60. EDN Issue #112
    2011-07-20 Bamboo for Fences New Use for Moringa Seeds Resource for Understanding Land and Tree Tenure Issues Marketing Information from ATTRA Tomatoes from Cuttings Metal Silos for Improved Grain Storage Avocado Trees ‘Caro Rich’ Tomato Seed for Increased Vitamin A





  61. EDN Issue #111
    2011-04-20 Water Harvesting Through Sand Dams Soil Microorganisms from Compost Tea Gliricidia sepium for Rat Control: A Recipe



  62. EDN Issue #111 Supplement
    2011-04-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.



  63. EDN Issue #110 Supplement
    2011-01-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.





  64. EDN Issue #110
    2011-01-20 Multiplication and Use of Soil Microorganisms Chia (Salvia hispanica L.): An Ancient Food Crop with Rediscovered Potential for Providing Nutrition





  65. EDN Issue #109
    2010-10-20 Reducing Moisture Content of Seeds Prior to Storage Photos of Modified Seed Dryer Global Weather and Climate Information Moringa Use in Mzenga, Tanzania Human Urine as a Fertilizer



  66. EDN Issue #109 Supplement
    2010-10-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.



  67. EDN Issue #108 Supplement
    2010-07-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.





  68. EDN Issue #108
    2010-07-20 Faidherbia albida Plant Information Online Feedback about Making Potting Mix Sprouting grains Chickpea Seeds from ICARDA Human Urine as a Fertilizer





  69. EDN Issue #107
    2010-04-01 Agricultural and Nutritional Options for Impoverished People Living with HIV/AIDS Advantages of Perennial Vegetables Resources to Help with Haiti Disaster Response Coppicing Woodlots Books, Websites and Other Resources Faidherbia albida, an Important 'Fertilizer Tree' Learn two important lessons...



  70. EDN Issue #107 Supplement
    2010-04-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.





  71. EDN Issue #106
    2010-01-20 Effect of Sprouting on the Nutrition of Grain and Legume Seeds Alternative Germination Mixes for Starting Transplants Seeds of a Warm-Weather Carrot to Try Important Resources about Trees of Haiti Resource Rights



  72. EDN Issue #106 Supplement
    2010-01-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.



  73. EDN Issue #105 Supplement
    2009-10-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.





  74. EDN Issue #105
    2009-10-20 A Low Resource Method to Raise Fish in Haiti Contributing Articles for EDN Thinking of Exporting a Plant Product to Europe? Free Statistical Software for Non-Profits In Memory of Keith Hess Peanut (Arachis hypogaea): A major and versatile crop





  75. EDN Issue #104
    2009-07-20 Moringa Information from 2006 International Moringa Workshop Income and Other Benefits from Using Worms to Make Compost Introducing a New Crop: Reasons Why Seeds Fail Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Variety Trial at ECHO



  76. EDN Issue #104 Supplement
    2009-07-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.



  77. EDN Issue #103 Supplement
    2009-04-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.





  78. EDN Issue #103
    2009-04-01 Aflatoxin in the Diet Makes the Progression of HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis Much Worse How Can a Diet Rich in Phosphorus Lead to Phosphorus Deficiency and Other Deficiencies? Effect of Neem Leaf Extract on N-Fixing in Beans Artemisia in the News Again Baobab Gardens for "Leaf Production Indigenous...



  79. EDN Issue #102 Supplement
    2009-01-20 We often come across interesting material related to articles in EDN that could not fit into the available space in the issue. We share the most relevant of those here.





  80. EDN Issue #102
    2009-01-20 Jicama Malted Barley Flour for Malnourished Infants Seed Storage





  81. EDN Issue #101
    2008-10-20 Applying Calcium Carbide to Induce Flowering in Pineapple Inoculation of Leguminous Crops and Trees Drying Moringa during the Rainy Season Congratulations to Dr. Martin Price on his Retirement! Faba bean(Vicia faba)





  82. EDN Issue #100
    2008-07-20 Crop Protection and Seed Saving Health-Related Topics Issue Number 100! SALT (Sloping Agricultural Land Technology) with emphasis on forage and animal production Mulch, mulch, mulch Helpful insights on sawing lumber from tropical trees Impressive reforestation by taking advantage of the “...





  83. EDN Issue #99
    2008-04-20 Rapid Multiplication of Banana and Plantain Plants Farming God's Way - Feedback Highlights of Dr. Brewbaker’s Leucaena Tree and Sweet Corn Breeding Programs Fake Malaria Drugs in SE Asia Tips for Planting Small Seeds





  84. EDN Issue #98
    2008-01-01 A Successful Approach to Field Cropping in Southern Africa Low-Toxin Grass Pea





  85. EDN Issue #97
    2007-10-20 “Cafeteria Feeding” of Chickens Winged Bean Revisited How Will Using Agricultural Land for Biofuels Affect Smallholder Farmers in Developing Countries? Deep Pipe Irrigation: an inexpensive and efficient method to irrigate crops and trees Pot Drip System for Tree Irrigation New Advances in Rope...



  86. TN #96 Earthbag Seed Banks Slideshow Supplement
    2020-06-29 This photo slideshow is a supplement toTechnical Note96: Earthbag Seed Banks.





  87. EDN Issue #96
    2007-07-20 A Fresh Look at Life below the Surface Branching and podding characteristics of ‘PKM-2’ Moringaoleifera





  88. EDN Issue #95
    2007-04-20 Hope against Malaria Insights from a Simple Sorghum Trial in Haiti Energy Needs for HIV-infected Persons





  89. EDN Issue #94
    2007-01-20 A Market for Used Motor Oil Atemoya: Hand Pollination to Increase Fruit Set Saving Your Own Vegetable Seeds More on Maize in Africa Lagos Spinach





  90. EDN Issue #93
    2006-10-20 Banana Wilt Disease in East Africa Common Mistakes in Agricultural Development and a Key to Success Used Motor Oil A Non-chemical Method of Rat Control for Rice Fields Seed Yields Decline at Higher Average Temperatures The World's Wheat Crop Under Threat from New Disease Maize in Semi-arid Areas...





  91. EDN Issue #92
    2006-07-20 More about Grain Amaranth Soybeans in the Tropics Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) “The World’s Largest Fruit” Soy Promotion by Plenty International Mucuna Trichomes as a Dewormer for Goats





  92. EDN Issue #91
    2006-04-20 Grain Amaranth Thoughts on the Green Famine - ECHOES from our Network





  93. EDN Issue #90
    2006-01-20 Burning Neem Oil for Malaria Control Moringa for Emergency Water Treatment Exceptional Impact of a Novel Approach to Reforestation in Sub- Saharan Africa—an Update Solar Disinfection of Water (SODIS): A case study from Kenya





  94. EDN Issue #89
    2005-10-01 Traditional Techniques to Improve Plant Performance Understanding Why/When Cassava Can Cause the Disease Konzo Treatment to Reduce Cyanide Content of Cassava Flour Where There is No Refrigeration Vegetative and Agronomic Technologies for Land Husbandry African Friends and Money Matters Okra...





  95. EDN Issue #88
    2005-07-20 Hybrid Maize Revisited Low Fertility Soil and Traditional Varieties Aflatoxin in Peanut Butter Feedback on Cooking Stoves Article (EDN 85) Gray Water and Crop Irrigation What about Hippos? The Chocolate Pudding Tree: Diospyros digyna (Black Sapote, Black Persimmon, Zapote Negro)





  96. EDN Issue #87
    2005-04-20 Experience with chaya, moringa and katuk in Indonesia Making Friends with Dark Green Leafy Vegetables of the Mustard Family





  97. EDN Issue #86
    2005-01-20 Loquat: A Fruit Tree Adaptable to Many Locations Extending the Life of your Seeds Tithonia and Lantana–An update Tithonia diversifolia as a termite repellent for protecting fruit trees in Central African Republic Traditional Plant Varieties and Low Fertility Soil





  98. EDN Issue #85
    2004-10-20 Results of a Moringa Taste Test Carambola—A Five Star Fruit Indoor Air Pollution from Cooking Fire Smoke Black Sigatoka, Water Purification





  99. EDN Issue #84
    2004-07-01 Vegetable Gardens in Kiffa Bottle-cap Fertilizer Pick Those Podborers Alley Cropping Revisited Book Review: Producing Food Without Pesticides Book Review:Sustainable Food Production A Lesson in Agroforestry





  100. EDN Issue #83
    2004-04-20 How Can NGOs Make Full Use of the CGIAR Network of Agricultural Research Centers? Filtering Water with Old Clothes to Prevent Cholera Smoked Rice Hull and Pottery Rice Bean -Vigna umbellata: Another amazing green manure/cover crop On-Farm Seed Priming Terra Preta: the Secret of Rich, Dark Soil in...





  101. EDN Issue #82
    2004-01-20 Alley Cropping: a System to Sustain Soil Productivity Increased Yields, Less Disease Management Can Be Learned The Malian Peanut/Groundnut Sheller A System to Sustain Soil Productivity Dolichos lablab: A Legume that Feeds People, Animals and the Soil A Caution about Eating Excessive Amounts of...





  102. EDN Issue #81
    2003-10-20 Towards More Fruitful Agricultural Experimentation How to Carry Out an Agricultural Experiment Seven-Year Lima Bean





  103. EDN Issue #80
    2003-07-20 Leaf Protein Concentrate from Chaya Leaves? Additional Uses for Boric Acid Borates for the Control of Termites Especially for Sub-Saharan Africa: Mother and Baby Maize Variety Trials Update on Papaya Leaf Tea Strawberry Tree





  104. EDN Issue #79
    2003-04-20 After 10 Years In Haiti Have I Done Any Good?





  105. EDN Issue #78
    2003-01-20 Experience with the Chaya Plant in Kenya Growth of Chaya in Different Climates Is There a Market for Moringa Products for Small-Scale Farmers? Green Leaf Extract Velvet Bean (Mucuna pruriens) Chaya





  106. EDN Issue #77
    2002-10-01 Partial Control of Bacterial Wilt of Tomato with Chinese Chives The Green Famine The Value of Weeds in a Corn Field Protecting Maize with “Weeds”;The Sustainable Village SRI Update Sesbania rostrata update Papaya Leaf Tea as a Malaria Prophylactic?





  107. EDN Issue #76
    2002-07-20 Basics of Ruminant Digestion The Livestock Revolution





  108. EDN Issue #75
    2002-04-20 Methods of Nematode Management Sesbania rostrata: A Green Manure Production System for Rice





  109. EDN Issue #74
    2002-01-20 Nutrient Quantity or Nutrient Access? A New Understanding of How to Maintain Soil Fertility in the Tropics ‘Uberlandia’ Carrot





  110. EDN Issue #73
    2001-10-20 Control of Mites in Honey Bees An Improved Method for Ripening Mangoes Eating Green Leaves Cranberry Hibiscus Rice Genome Mapped Drying Green Leaves in the Sun





  111. EDN Issue #72
    2001-07-20 Red Palm Oil: More Than Just a Good Source of Vitamin A Colloidal Silver for Clay Water Filters ECHOES FROM OUR NETWORK





  112. EDN Issue #71
    2001-04-20 Enthusiasm for SRI (System of Rice Intensification) The Effect of Aluminum in Acidic Soils on Plant Growth Questions for ECHO? Read This First! Moringa stenopetala, Pigeon Pea, Soybean, African Okra





  113. EDN Issue #70
    2001-01-20 SRI, the System of Rice Intensification: Less Can Be More





  114. EDN Issue #69
    2000-09-20 Now That I’m Here, How Do I Begin? When Young Children Must Take Chloroquine Smoked Rice Hulls as Planting Medium for Seedlin Cow Milk to Control Powdery Mildewgs





  115. EDN Issue #68
    2000-06-20 New Uses of Moringa Studied in Nicaragu Producing Onion Powder for Sale and to Extend the Season Germinating Oil Palm Seed Prevention of Malaria with Insecticide-Treated Nets





  116. EDN Issue #67
    2000-03-20 True Potato Seed Has Many Advantages A Story Involving Vetiver Grass Update on Your Bat Control Suggestion Mike Benge on Bat Houses Carl Campbell on cashew mildew Leaf Cutter Ant Control with Sweet Potato How are allspice, nutmeg, cinnamon and cloves propagated? Farming by the Stars in the Andes...





  117. EDN Issue #66
    1999-12-19 Getting Bats out of the Attic I Know the Protein Content of a Dry Forage. How Do I Calculate What It Would Be When I Feed It Green? What Services Does ECHO Offer to Its "Network?" Farmers and Fish Love Cocoa Rapid Multiplication of Banana Plants in the Field Plant-Insect Communication





  118. EDN Issue #65
    1999-10-19 Tephrosia Fallow Management in Cameroon Paprika as a Cash Crop Two Drugs at Once for Malaria Pregnant Women Should Not Use Papaya Seed to Treat for Worms Selection of Trees on which to Grow Vanilla How to Make Your Own Salt Licks and Urea Blocks





  119. EDN Issue #64
    1999-07-19 Introduction of Maize Hybrids to Areas Currently Using Open-Pollinated Varieties Collards Can Protect Cabbage From Diamondback Caterpillars An Impressive Moringa Project in Senegal Where to Get Seed After a Disaster





  120. EDN Issue #63
    1999-03-19 Micro-Scale Water Harvesting Fly Control for Cattle Additional Comments About Cashew Performance of Jack Bean Seed that ECHO Sent Us. The Papaya Seed Stomach Cure





  121. EDN Issue #62
    1998-12-19 A Second Look At Green Leafy Vegetables As A Source Of Vitamins And Minerals Our Experience with Cashew Some Tree Seeds Need Smoke To Germinate Mulch or trees in the Sahel





  122. EDN Issue #61
    1998-08-19 Edible Australian Acacias, A "New" - "Old" Food For Semi Arid Zones





  123. EDN Issue #60
    1998-05-19 Why Intercropping Reduces Yield Of Sweet Potatoes Yardlong Beans For Hot, Humid Climates Does Mulching Make Sense In Semi-Arid Areas? Turning Peanuts Into Peanut Butter Some Thoughts On Sawing Tropical Trees





  124. EDN Issue #59
    1998-02-19 Techniques For Storing Onions Kerosene Emulsifiable Concentrate Insecticide New Disease-Resistant Banana Hybrids Available Seed For Sorghum That Is Resistant To Striga Is Available From ECHO Katuk, Sauropus Androgynous, A Great Vegetable For The Hot, Humid Tropics (With A Caution)





  125. EDN Issue #58
    1997-11-19 Suppressing Varroa Mites In Bee Hives Effect of Intercropping On Yield Of Sweet Potato Manure Management To Prevent Produce Contamination Taro Tuber Processing For Animal Feed Tick Control For Goats Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration Principles of Agriculture For The Humid Tropics





  126. EDN Issue #57
    1997-07-19 Tithonia Weed -- A Potential Green Manure Crop Water Hyacinth and Its Uses A Spinach for the Humid Lowland Tropics A New Way To Preserve Viability of Seed In Remote Locations Do Velvet Bean Leaves Contain L-DOPA





  127. EDN Issue #56
    1997-04-19 Erythrina Has Many Uses Some Interesting Questions About Velvet Beans A Positive Experience With Eucalyptus





  128. EDN Issue #55
    1997-01-19 More on Controlling Leaf Cutter Ants Small Scale Vegetable Oil Extraction Making Bonemeal Fertilizer Grevillea Rebusta Survives On Phosphorus-Poor Soil





  129. EDN Issue #54
    1996-10-19 Atemoya, A Quality Tropical Fruit Simple Grasshopper and Locust Controls Echos From our Network Using Owls To Control Rats





  130. EDN Issue #53
    1996-07-19 Solar Water Disinfection Insights From A Biogas Project "Why Don't My Tomatoes Set Fruit?" The Nutritive Value of Chaya





  131. EDN Issue #52
    1996-04-19 Home-Grown Beans Produce Less Gas How Toxic Is the Herbicide 2,4-D In Memoriam Scott Sherman, Age 36 Portable Gardens Made From Old Tires Tropical High-Altitude Growing Conditions





  132. EDN Issue #51
    1996-01-19 Drip Irrigation Tropical Onion Seed Germination Mealybug Control Raising Pigs On Moringa Leaves Colored Plastic Mulches Stringa Controlled in Pearl Millet by Intercropping With Cowpea





  133. EDN Issue #50
    1995-10-19 Fruits of Warm Climates Ideas For Controlling Chickpea Pod Borer Leaf Concentrate (LC) Capturing Water From Fog Improving Backyard Chicken Production The Woodmizer Company Helps Christian Missions and Schools With Portable Sawmills





  134. EDN Issue #49
    1995-06-19 Why Does ECHO Copyright EDN? Simple Sawdust Cookers Alley Cropping to Sustain Yields Echos From our Network





  135. EDN Issue #48
    1995-03-19 Causes of Bean Blossom Drop Will Carambola Trees Come True to Seed? How Do I Keep Birds Out of the Garden? A Peat Substitute Made From Coconut Disease-Resistant Tepary Beans Now Available Trench Traps Control Colorado Potato Beetle





  136. EDN Issue #47
    1995-01-19 Echo's First Agricultural Missions Conference Echos From our Network Keeping Elephants Out of the Fields Innovations in Green Manures New Information on the Toxic Substance in Velvet Beans



  137. EDN Issue #46
    1994-10-19 A Caution About One Use of The Bird Resistant Grain Sorghum Nematodes in Agroforestry Control of Leaf-Cutter Ants Use of Legume Cover Crops in Orchards or Plantations Echos From our Network Quinoa, Chenopodium Quinoa, The Incan "Mother Grain."



  138. EDN Issue #45
    1994-07-19 Go Easy With Fertilizer After Transplanting Trees and Shrubs. Removing Salts From Container Grown Plants Moringa and Carotene What About Rhizobia Inoculants? Tomatoes Resist Flooding if Grafted To Eggplant. A Method For Keeping Rats Away From Oil Palms



  139. EDN Issue #44
    1994-04-19 More About the Uberlandia Carrot That Sets Seed in the Tropics Fruit Fly Trap Made From Basil Suggestions to Help Agroforesters Reduce Seedling Losses From Termites Appropriate Technology Juice Pasteurizer



  140. EDN Issue #43
    1993-12-19 New Data on Moringa Seed to Purify Water Success With Velvet Bean in the Republic of Benin A New Rearing Method for Cochineal Insects A New Idea for an Emergency Milk Substitute in West Africa Seed Available for a Carrot That Will Set Seed in the Tropics



  141. EDN Issue #42
    1993-10-19 An Annual Agricultural Missions Conference to be Started by ECHO Moringa Leaves to Prevent Damping Off Disease of Seedlings Iron Sulfate Molluscicide Marama Beans Home Made Mosquito Repellent From Neem A Simple Way To Improve Starchy "Weaning Foods" Beekeeping & Development, An "Edn" For...



  142. EDN Issue #41
    1993-07-19 Book Reviews Echos From our Network For Your Interest Only Bunchy Top on Papaya Before You Get Excited About Spice Production, Consider This Figure 1. Design for the Rus pump, courtesy of World Vision Australia and Rus Alit Blossom End Rot on Tomatoes Update on Nuñas (Popping Beans) The Rus Pump...



  143. EDN Issue #40
    1993-03-19 The Small Farm Resource Development Project More On Neem To Control Scabies When Honeybees Become Drunk Honey As A Dressing For Wounds 'Alfagraze,' A Forage Alfalfa Droughttolerant, Earlymaturing, Goodyielding 'Crimson' Lentil Echos From Our Network



  144. EDN Issue #39
    1993-01-01 Echo's From Our Network ECHO Gives a Hand to Russia Grass Mulch an Innovative Way of Gardening in the Dry Tropics Are Raw Vegetables More Nutritious Than Cooked One? Can Citrus Residue Be Used for Animal Feed?Onions in the Tropics and Subtropics



  145. EDN Issue #38
    1992-07-19 Book Reviews Pigeon Pea and Chickpea Release Phosphates Living Support Poles for Yams (Diascorea spp) Toxicity and Food Security: A review of health effects of cyanide exposure from cassava and of ways to prevent these effects Storing Cooked Eggs Nutritive Value of Nuñas (Popping Beans)



  146. EDN Issue #37
    1992-06-19 Cashew Growing Observations Cashew Fruit Drying in Honduras Training in Infrastructure for Developing Countries When You Send Seed to ECHO Cooking Oil Spray for Home Gardens Short Term Heating Kills Cowpea Weevils Effectiveness of a Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract in Treating a Skin Infection...



  147. EDN Issue #36
    1992-04-01 Moringa Stenopetala Salt Tolerance in Leucaena? Keeping Moneys Out of the Garden A Living Fence That Might be Deadly Oral Vaccine for Typhoid Gardening in Volcanic Ash Devastating Disease of Neem Trees in West Africa



  148. EDN Issue #35
    1991-12-19 We Are Beginning Our Second Decade! Sudanese Experience With Neem To Control Pests Some Helpful Facts About Salinity Caution About Using Moringa Tree Roots As A Horseradish Substitute Guidelines For Farmers Near Volcanos Who Must Now Plant In Fresh Volcanic Ash Use Of Partially Buried Flower Pots...



  149. EDN Issue #34
    1991-10-19 Use Of Gliricidia Sepium (Mother Of Cacao, Mata Raton, Rat Killer) To Control Rats The Jaboticaba Tree, Myrciaria Cauliflora Mushroom Cultivation In The Tropics Saving Your Own Lettuce Seed Echos From Our Network The Simplest Way Yet To Control Bean Beetles



  150. EDN Issue #33
    1991-06-19 Reports On Experience With Rabbits In St. Kitts Muscovy Ducks And Fly Control Seed For Marama Bean, Tylosema Esculentum Neem Seed As A Feed Ingredient Echos From Our Network



  151. EDN Issue #32
    1991-03-19 Wood Ash To Preserve Tomatoes For Months Some Other "Gems" From My Conversation With Dr. Lamb An Unexpected Reason For Increased Soil Fertility Under Trees Can A "Pesticide Tree" Such As Neem Have Serious Insect Pests? Cashew Would Seem To Be A Great Cash Crop. Is It As Good As It Appears? Echo's...



  152. EDN Issue #31
    1990-12-19 Fresh Seed For The "Beta Iii" (High Carotene) Carrot How To Produce Carrot Seed Where Winters Are Not Cold Update On Apples For The Highland Tropics Echos From Our Network Some Reflections How To Make A Rope And Washer Pump Can You Help Us?



  153. EDN Issue #30 - A Special Expanded Issue on Rooftop Gardening
    1990-08-19 INTRODUCTION TO OUR SPECIAL EXPANDED ISSUE. One of ECHO's purposes is to help people grow food under difficult conditions. You are not likely to encounter a soil worse for gardening than a cement slab. Neither will you find such large areas of unused growing space in full sun and near prime...



  154. EDN Issue #29
    1990-04-19 Lost Crops Of The Incas The Andes Berry (Rubus Glaucus). Passion Fruits For Higher Altitudes The Lost Crops Of Africa Will Be The Next In The "Underexploited Plants" Series Echos From Our Network New Pigeonpea Varieties From Icrisat



  155. EDN Issue #28
    1989-12-19 Intercropping With Sugar Cane Can Kiwifruit (Actinidia Deliciosa) Be Grown In The Tropics Sweet Potato Cookbook Stopping Bees



  156. EDN Issue #27
    1989-09-19 Vernonia (Vernonia Glamensis): A Potential New Crop For Semi-Arid Areas Of The Tropics And Sub-Tropics How Can I Simulate Long Days To Make Plants Bloom? Sawdust Used To Fill Old Tractor Tires Markets Saturated With Free Grain New Magazine -- Agroforestry Today Potential Contraceptive From Neem...



  157. EDN Issue #26
    1989-07-19 Peanut Oil Treatment Prevents Weevils (Calloso Bruchus Maculoatus) In Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata) What Is The Huge Grub That Is Eating Banana Roots? Neem Leaf Tea To Control Termites Ralph Kusserow In Tanzania Writes About Rhubarb Use Stp To Make "Yellow Sticky Traps." More On Insect Traps Is The...



  158. EDN Issue #25
    1989-03-19 Giza Sorghum For Food And Fuel Buffalo Gourd Is Another Candidate For Food And Fuel Are Jack Beans Safe To Eat? Why Are My Washington (Naval) Oranges Dropping? Sweet Potato Weevil Problems Echo Basic Document #2: Selecting The Right Crop For Your Location In The Tropics Or In The Subtropics



  159. EDN Issue #24
    1988-12-19 Book Review: Rooftop Or Shallow-Bed Gardening Reaction To Bee Stings More On Making Your Own Biological Control For Cassava Hornworm Can Peach Pits Be Used As Food? Crop Production Bulletin #2, Soybeans Is Velvet Bean Safe To Eat?



  160. EDN Issue #23
    1988-09-19 Some Personal Thoughts Electric Shock For Snakebite How Do I Begin An Experimental/ Demonstration Work? Are Macadamia Nuts A Good Crop For Belize? Some Tips For Rabbit Raisers Can You Make Your Own Biological Insecticide?



  161. EDN Issue #22
    1988-05-19 Tagasaste, Chamaecytisus Palmensis, A Temperate Counterpart Of Leucaena Did You Have Difficulty Germinating Your Paulownia Trees? One Couple's Approach To Work With Traditional Herders Echo Crop Production Bulletin No.1: The Sweet Potato Book Review: How To Grow Fish In The Mountains Another...



  162. EDN Issue #21
    1988-02-19 Electric Shock To Treat Poisonous Bites Doing Your Own Corn (Maize) Improvement Bush Okra From Echo Grew Well. How Do We Eat It? A Guide For Beginners In Small Scale Tropical Agriculture Update On Moringa



  163. EDN Issue #20
    1987-11-19 Success Reported On Homemade Mouse Trap What We Have Learned To Date About Green Manure Crops For Small Farmers



  164. EDN Issue #18
    1987-06-19 The Developing Countries Farm Radio Network Has A Wealth Of Information For Small-Scale Third World Farmers Keeping Elephants From Your Plantings Dr. Frank Martin Is Now A Volunteer For The Echo Network Seed For Seminole Pumpkin Cucurbita Moschata "Ethiopian Kale" Should Give Seed In The Tropics...



  165. EDN Issue #17
    1987-02-19 I'd Like To Visit Echo, But Report On Success With Montello Lettuce The International Livestock Centre For Africa (Ilca) Is An Excellent Resource For Forage Seed And Information Sesbania Sesban Recommended For Alley Farming At Higher Elevations Paulownia, China's Wonder Tree Kochia (Kochia...



  166. EDN Issue #16
    1986-09-19 How Far Apart Must Corn Be Kept To Prevent Cross-Pollination By Other Local Varieties? How Can I Grow Lady Bird Beetles In Captivity? How Can I Get Palm Oil From Oil Palms? Are Bruchid Beetles The Same As Weevils? Some Comments On Worms In Mangoes Where Can I Obtain Inoculant For Leucaena Tree...



  167. EDN Issue #15
    1986-06-19 How Can We Keep Animals From Eating Tree Seedlings When Farmers Plant Leucaena? When Crab Burrows Cause Washout Of Canals Handy Rule Of Thumb For Seed Storage Conditions More On Use Of Oil To Control Insect Pests In Stored Grain Roy Danforth Reports Successful Method Of Taking Fruit Trees From...



  168. EDN Issue #14
    1986-03-19 The Haiti Mix For Starting Seedlings Salt Project (Sloping Agricultural Land Technology) How To Make And Use An A-Frame Insect Pest Causing Serious Damage To Leucaena Plantings In The Philippines Montello Lettuce Is Worth A Try Where Heat Is A Problem Use Of Vegetable Oils To Protect Stored Beans...



  169. EDN Issue #13
    1985-12-19 Techniques For Farming In Dry Areas



  170. EDN Issue #12
    1985-08-19 Seed For High Carotene Carrots Answers To Some Questions On Citrus Green Manure Crops Offer Tremendous Advantages To The Small Farm In The Third World A Comment On Green Manure From Zaire



  171. EDN Issue #11
    1985-04-19 New Varieties Of High Lysine Corn Show Much More Promise For The Small Farm Update On Items Discussed In Previous Issues



  172. EDN Issue #10
    1985-01-19 The Moringa Tree, Moringa Oleifera, Is Called Mother's Best Friend A Pocket Directory Of Trees And Seeds In Kenya Do Not Eat Sprouted Sorghum Some Thoughts On Composting How Should I Treat Soybeans So They Can Be Fed To Animals? More On Animal Feeds More On Uses Of The Neem Tree As An Insecticide...



  173. EDN Issue #9
    1984-09-19 Have You Tried Winged Beans, Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus? How Are Winged Beans Cooked? Honey Producing Trees Suitable For Multiple Use Book Review: A Farmer's Primer On Growing Rice Method For Protecting Trees From Goats Growing Rabbits In Pits Tropical And Subtropical Fruit Trees For Arid...



  174. EDN Issue #8
    1984-05-19 Innovative Methods Of Terracing Quail Grass (Celosia Argentea) Is An Excellent Spinach Substitute For Hot Weather Cucurbit Seeds As Possible Oil And Protein Sources For Small Scale Household Use In The Hot Humid Tropics How Can I Garden In The Hot Humid Tropics?



  175. EDN Issue #7
    1984-02-19 Egusi Seeds Are High In Oil And Protein Suggestions For Purchase Of Citrus Seeds I Want To Plant Leucaena, But Which Type Should I Chose? How Concerned Should I Be That Lead May Contaminate Urban Gardens? More On Techniques For Growing Deciduous Fruits In Warmer Climates: Grapes Update On Rooftop...



  176. EDN Issue #6
    1983-10-19 Pachyrhizus Erosus Tubers Might Be An Excellent Cash Crop For You To Consider Treating And Storing Seed A Method For Measuring The Viability Of Your Seeds Roof Top Gardens For Urban Areas



  177. EDN Issue #5
    1983-06-19 What Varieties Of Citrus Will Grow True From Seed? Muscovy Ducks For Development Projects In The Tropics No-Till Gardening



  178. EDN Issue #4
    1983-02-19 A Perspective On Nutritional Limitations Of Amaranth Preparation Of Diffusion Processed Sweet Potato At Home Use Of "Wick" Suggested To Preserve Untreated Poles Sanitation Without Water How Great Is The Danger That Rabbits Might Escape From Your Project And "Create Another Australia"? Quinua Seed...



  179. EDN Issue #3
    1982-10-19 Amaranth Seed Some Insights On Raising Rabbits In The Third World Does Jojoba Have Potential In The Tropics What Is Jojoba?



  180. EDN Issue #2
    1982-05-19 Underexploited Tropical Plants Seed For Tepary Bean Propagation Of Tropical Fruit Trees Home-Made Water Repellent For Wood Preserving Wooden Bee Hives What Seed Would You Take To An Uninhabited Tropical Island?



  181. EDN Issue #1
    1981-12-19 The primary focus of E.D. Notes, as well as of ECHO, is on items (1) for direct use or consumption on the subsistence farm and (2) with potential as a cash crop or small business for those with few resources. We trust that they will Offer you new ideas, information and opportunities Inform you of...



  182. EDN new template view
    2020-03-03 This is just to see what the new template looks like on ECHO Community Low Oxygen Methods for InsectControl in Seeds ECHO International Agriculture Conference 2019:Topic Summaries Echoes from our Network:Roger Gietzen on the topic of syntropic farming Books, Web Sites and Other Resources: Vetiver...