Abonos Verdes y Cultivos de Cobertura
Los AVCC son cultivos de rápido crecimiento que cubren y protegen el suelo, y se dejan como mantillo o se incorporan durante el arado para enriquecer el suelo. Las legumbres son priorizadas por su capacidad para fijar nitrógeno. Pueden establecerse a partir de semillas, pero algunas echan raíces en los nodos y pueden establecerse a partir de esquejes. ECHO no proporciona inoculantes de leguminosas. Hay disponible una nota técnica de ECHO sobre los Abonos Verdes y Cultivos de Cobertura. Also see the GMCC Selection Tool.
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Desmanthus is a nitrogen-fixing, prostrate, perennial, tropical shrub that can be used as a green manure/cover crop and as fodder for livestock. This shrub is adaptable to a range of environments and is tolerant of drought.
Desmanthus Desmanthus virgatus
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Flemingia macrophylla is a perennial, deep-rooted, woody, nitrogen-fixing shrub up to 2.5 m in height. It is useful for shade, and for soil conservation and improvement as an alley crop, green manure, or cover crop.
Flemingia Flemingia macrophylla
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Rice Bean Vigna umbellata
Rice Bean
La Vigna umbellata, conocida como Rice Bean en E.U., es una leguminosa oriunda del sudeste asiático, donde se cultiva ampliamente. Es una cosecha de pulso (cultivada por sus semillas comestibles secas) y es bien conocida en los trópicos donde se encuentra gran variabilidad.- También disponible en:
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Sesbania is a fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing perennial, growing to 7 m in height. It is typically found in wet locations and can withstand water logging and flooded conditions. Sesbania is used as a cover crop or green manure, coppices readily, provides light fuelwood, and good forage for...
Sesbania sesban Sesbania sesban
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Hairy Vetch Vicia villosa
arvejilla vellosa
Hairy vetch is a temperate, annual, nitrogen-fixing, vining plant that can be up to 70 cm in height. It is used for pasture, hay, silage, green manure or cover crop, and is tolerant of acid soil. -
Caupi (Cowpea) Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata
Caupi (Cowpea)
Una arveja silvestre que es muy similar a esta variedad cultivada es nativa de África central y con muy pocas diferencias ahora se cultiva en todo el mundo donde las temperaturas son moderadas.- También disponible en:
- English
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Crotolaria Crotalaria juncea
Crotolaria, Cáñamo De La India, Soñajuelas
La crotolaria ha sido cultivada en la India desde los tiempos antiguos. Esta especie es distribuida ampliamente por los trópicos, siendo más numerosa en el este y el sur de África Tropical.- También disponible en:
- English
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Sword Bean Canavalia gladiata
Haba De Burro
Sword bean is a perennial, nitrogen-fixing, slightly woody, vining and climbing, plant highly valued for use as a green manure or cover crop. Preferred environmental conditions for sword bean are found in the humid lowland tropics, but these beans may be grown with success in tropical elevations... -
Jicama is a perennial, nitrogen-fixing vine, reaching 10 m in length, and grown for the edible tuber. Jicama is also used as fodder, green manure, or cover crop.
Jicama Pachyrhizus erosus
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Butterfly pea is a vining, nitrogen-fixing, drought-tolerant, vigorous, perennial plant used mainly for ground cover or in mixed pastures. The young pods can be eaten, the flowers used for blue food coloring and the plant makes an attractive ornamental vine for landscaping.
Butterfly Pea Clitoria ternatea
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Slender leaf rattlebox is an annual, herbaceous, nitrogen-fixing plant, up to 2.5 m in height, which is utilized for fiber, forage, and as a green manure or cover crop.Grown in rotation with commodity crops, this species builds soil nutrition between crops.
Slender Leaf Rattlebox Crotalaria ochroleuca
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Fish bean is a short-lived perennial, somewhat woody, nitrogen-fixing plant, growing up to 3 m in height. This plant is used for green manure, erosion control, and mulch. It is known to contain rotenoids and can be used as an insecticide and fish poison. Fish bean should NOT be used as fodder for...
Fish Bean Tephrosia vogelii
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GANDUL-Pigeon Pea Cajanus cajan
Gandul Pigeon Pea, Frijol De Palo, Guisante De Angola, Frijol De La India, Frijol Quinchancho
El gandul ha sido cultivado por mucho tiempo en algunas regiones de Asia (quizás por 3,000 años), pero los botánicos geógrafos colocan su origen en el África tropical; sus semillas probablemente siguieron las rutas de la trata de esclavos desde el África hasta el Nuevo Mundo. -
Mani Forrajero Arachis pintoi
Mani Forrajero, Maní Pinto, Maní Perenne
El cacahuete forrajero es una hierba perenne nativa de Brasil que se encuentra en toda América del Sur y que forma una cola corta y densa de crecimiento. Es una leguminosa fijadora de nitrógeno que tolera un poco de sombra. -
HABA DE CABALLO- Jack Bean Canavalia ensiformis
Haba De Caballo Jack Bean, Pallar De Los Gentiles, Haba De Burro
El haba de caballo es oriunda de las Antillas y Centroamérica. Ésta se asemeja mucho al frijol canavalia, Canavalia gladiata, una especie de habichuela cultivada del Viejo Mundo, y a la especie silvestre predominante africana debido a la gran semejanza en las tres especies. Hoy en día el haba de... -
Beach bean is a perennial, nitrogen-fixing, slightly woody, salt-tolerant vining plant adapted to growing under very dry and hot conditions. Vines are widely distributed on beaches and dunes in the tropics and subtropics. They can reach lengths of 6 m and the compact mass of vines can be 15-30 cm...
Beach Bean Canavalia maritima
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Hairy indigo is a reseeding annual, nitrogen-fixing, erect, bushy plant, up to 2.5 m in height. It is used as a forage, summer fallow, green manure, or cover crop.
Hairy Indigo Indigofera hirsuta
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FRIJOL LABLAB Lablab purpureus
Frijol Lablab, Judía, Habichuela, Poroto De Egipto
El frijol Lablab es generalmente considerado como originario del sudeste de Asia. Sin embargo, algunas autoridades ubican su origen en África en donde es conocido desde el siglo octavo. En la actualidad es ampliamente cultivado a lo largo del trópico y sub-trópico. -
Grass pea is an annual, vining or climbing, drought-tolerant, nitrogen-fixing plant, up to 1 m in height, adapted to cooler temperatures, and higher altitudes in the tropics. It is a multipurpose legume, the seeds of non-toxic forms used for human consumption, and the plant used for forage,...
Grass Pea Lathyrus sativus
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White lupine is a cool season, nitrogen-fixing, bushy, annual plant up to 1.6 m in height, and adapted to higher altitudes in the tropics. It is mainly used for forage, green manure or cover crops but non-toxic modern varieties have been developed for human consumption.
White Lupine Lupinus albus
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Siratro is a vining or climbing, nitrogen-fixing plant, perennial in the tropics, with stems up to 5 m long. Siratro is grown for forage and mainly used in mixed grass/legume pastures, but is also used as a fallow crop, for erosion control, and as a green manure or cover crop.
Siratro Macroptilium atropurpureum
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Tarwi is an erect, annual, cool-season, nitrogen-fixing plant up to 2.5 m in height. For human consumption the seeds must be soaked in water for several days to remove bitter alkaloids. The seeds are high in protein, pressed for oil, and fed to livestock. Tarwi is a good green manure or cover...
Tarwi Lupinus mutabilis
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Horse gram is a dense, low-growing, nitrogen-fixing, annual crop grown for forage and human consumption. It is usually sown as an intercrop but can also be used as a green manure or cover crop. It will tolerate drought conditions, poor soil, and some salinity.
Horse Gram Macrotyloma uniflorum
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Glycine is a perennial, vining, nitrogen-fixing, green manure or cover crop that may be grown to suppress weed growth, improve the soil nitrogen supply, and slow soil erosion. It is also a forage crop that can be grown in pure stands for hay or in a mixed pasture system.
Glycine Neonotonia wightii
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FRIJOL TERCIOPELO- Velvet bean Mucuna pruriens
Frijol Terciopelo Velvet Bean, Frijol Terciopelo
El frijol terciopelo es originario de la China y del este de la India, donde una vez se lo cultivaba comunmente como vegetal. -
Tropical kudzu is a perennial, vigorous, deep-rooted, vining or climbing, nitrogen-fixing plant, with vines up to 10 m long. This crop tolerates high water levels (even occasional water logging), grows well in the dry season, and can tolerate acidic soils and shade. It is used as a forage, green...
Tropical Kudzu Pueraria phaseoloides
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Prickly sesban is a fast-growing, annual, nitrogen-fixing shrub, growing up to 2 m in one season. It is valuable for soil improvement, erosion control, firewood, forage, fiber, and as a green manure/cover crop.
Prickly Sesban Sesbania bispinosa
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Sesbania grandiflora is a small, fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing tree, that can grow to 10 m height in 3-4 years. This plant is grown mainly as a green manure or cover crop but can also be used as forage for livestock.
Agati Sesbania grandiflora
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Adzuki Bean Vigna angularis
Frijol Adzuki
Adzuki bean is a bushy or vining, nitrogen-fixing, annual plant that is moderately drought tolerant. This bean grows best in temperate climates or higher altitudes in the tropics. The young pods, fresh seeds and dry beans are used for human consumption. -
Faba Bean Vicia faba
Haba, Haba
Faba bean is a cool season, nitrogen-fixing, annual grain legume, now widely distributed in temperate environments around the globe. It is important to note that Faba beans can cause a severe reaction, termed “favism” in people that lack the G6PD enzyme. The large-seeded, mild-flavored, sweet... -
Mung bean is a bush or vining, nitrogen-fixing, annual plant grown for the dry seeds. It is eaten fresh, or as a dry bean, and is also a good bean for sprouting. Mung bean can also be used as a green manure or cover crop.
Mung Bean Vigna radiata
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Calliandra is a vigorous, nitrogen-fixing, bushy tree that can be fast-growing on poor soils. The tree responds well to coppicing, is a good fuelwood source and the leaves provide excellent fodder. Calliandra is used to enrich soil and provide stability on steep slopes.
Calliandra Calliandra calothyrsus
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American Joint Vetch Aeschynomene americana
Pega Pega
American jointvetch is an erect, annual, or short-lived perennial shrub that grows well in moist locations. It a good forage legume for low, wet areas and drainage ditches, and can also be used as a green manure and cover crop. -
Sesbania rostrataa fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing, annual or short-lived perennial shrub, that can grow to 3 m height. It is adapted to saline, alkaline and wet soils and is usually used for a green manure or cover crop, most commonly with flooded rice. It is also suitable fodder for livestock.
Sesbania Sesbania rostrata
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Runner Bean Phaseolus coccineus
Ayocote
Scarlet runner bean is a vigorous, climbing, nitrogen-fixing plant, adapted to areas with cool temperatures. The fresh pods, dry beans, and tubers may all be harvested for food but the tubers must be thoroughly cooked to eliminate toxins. It can also be used as a living mulch and an ornamental... -
Bush Velvet Bean Mucuna pruriens
Frijol Terciopelo
Bush forms of velvet bean grow rapidly, but have a more compact growth habit than vining types. The leaves are large and trifoliate with lateral leaflets 7–15 cm long, 5–12 cm wide. Flowers are light purple or white, resulting in pods 4-13 cm in length. Wild forms of velvet bean have pods with... -
Tithonia Tithonia diversifolia
Jalacate
Mexican Sunflower is a woody, perennial, plant with showy yellow flowers growing to 3 m in height. It can be used as an ornamental, hedge, compost ingredient, fodder, green manure, and soil erosion control. Mexican sunflower is known to be efficient in extracting phosphorus from the soil. Green...