Granos y Cereales

Los cultivos de granos producen semillas comestibles y secas, que pueden almacenarse durante largos períodos de tiempo. Los verdaderos granos de cereal son miembros de la familia de las hierbas. Otros cultivos similares a los granos son llamados pseudo-cereales. La mayoría de los granos son una buena fuente de proteínas, carbohidratos y vitaminas B. Los cultivares varían ampliamente en sus adaptaciones estacionales y climáticas. Los cultivos de granos generalmente se siembran al comienzo de la estación húmeda y maduran durante la estación seca. 

  1. Ornamental Amaranth Amaranthus caudatus

    Ornamental amaranth is a fast-growing annual, up to 2.5 m in height. The stems end in a large, sometimes drooping inflorescence that may be red, purple or green. The leaves may be used as a leafy vegetable. Mainly used as an ornamental, but leaves and seeds are also edible.

  2. Foxtail Millet Setaria italica

    Foxtail millet is an annual grass crop, up to 1.5 m in height, and one of the most water efficient (250-300 mm per crop), short term (60-70 days), warm weather crops which can be used as a “catch” crop, planted after another crop has failed. The grain can be cooked whole or ground into flour....

  3. Quinoa Chenopodium quinoa

    Quinua, Arroz De Peru, Arrocillo

    Quinoa is a broad-leaved annual crop for cool seasons and higher altitudes in the tropics. The grain is a nutritious pseudo-cereal which is eaten boiled, toasted or ground into flour, and the leaves are eaten fresh or cooked.

  4. Teff Eragrostis tef

    Teff is an annual tufted grass, growing to 1 m in height, with very small grains that may be ground into flour or eaten as a porridge. Teff is grown as a cereal crop primarily in Ethiopia. The grain is ground into flour, fermented and made into Injera, a sourdough-type flat bread.

  5. Sorgo de Grano Sorghum bicolor

    Sorgo De Grano

    El sorgo fue encontrado primero creciendo en Etiopía. Ahora es un alimento diario para 300 millones de personas en África, India, la China, y otras áreas de los trópicos calientes y secos. El sorgo es el cuarto cereal más importante en el mundo especialmente donde cantidades de lluvia y altas...

  6. Finger Millet Eleusine coracana

    Finger millet is a short, annual grass to 1 m in height, grown for its small grains that are usually ground into flour for porridge. More drought tolerant than maize or sorghum, finger millet is also higher in protein, fat and minerals than those crops.

  7. Avena de Grano Desnudo Avena nuda

    Avena De Grano Desnudo

    La avena se cultivó por primera vez en Asia, pero no apareció en la historia registrada como una cosecha cultivada hasta mucho después del trigo.

  8. Job's Tears Coix lacryma-jobi

    Job's tears is a tropical, 1 to 2 m tall annual grass. It is commonly found growing in many tropical areas of the world in ditches and low areas. Plants are commonly used for fodder and seeds are both consumed and used for bead craft.

  9. Pearl Millet Pennisetum glaucum

    Pearl millet is an annual, tillering grass, growing to 4 m in height, and more drought tolerant than maize. The seed head is compact, cylindrical and up to 30 cm long. The grains are ground into flour for preparation of porridge, flat breads and fermented products. Pearl millet is widely grown...

  10. Proso Millet Panicum miliaceum

    Proso millet is an erect, tillering, annual grass, growing to 1 m in height, that is grown for the small seeds used for human consumption and livestock food. Proso millet was one of the earliest cultivated grains in the world. It is fairly drought tolerant and has a short growing season.

  11. Sesame Sesamum indicum

    Sesame is an erect, herbaceous, annual, broad-leaved plant, growing to 2.5 m in height. It is one of the oldest cultivated crops and mainly grown as a field crop for the seeds and especially oil extracted from the seeds.

  12. MAÍZ Zea mays

    Maíz

    El cultivo del maíz era conocido en partes de México y Centroamérica en tiempos precolombinos. El uso del maíz (corn en inglés) se ha extendido a muchas otras regiones templadas, subtropicales y tropicales del globo en donde es conocido como maíz (maize en inglés). Entre los cereales de grano, la...

  13. Painted Mountain Corn Zea mays

    Frank Kutka in Montana, USA (who is helping the developer to promote the corn) brought this seed to ECHO’s attention. Frank wrote, "Corn breeder Dave Christensen has developed a corn that will grow quite far north in the USA (Montana). We wondered if some of the traits bred into 'Painted...

  14. Sweet Sorghum Sorghum bicolor

    Sweet sorghum is an annual plant in the grass family up to 5 m in height. This variety of sorghum is distinguished by the sweet juice contained in the soft pith of the stalk and is mainly grown for syrup and sugar. It may also be planted for forage or silage.

  15. Buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum

    Grano Sarraceno

    Buckwheat is a temperate, or high altitude tropical, annual, upright plant growing to 1 m in height. It is grown for the seeds which are used for human consumption and livestock feed. Buckwheat is also useful as a green manure or cover crop.

  16. Grano de Amaranto Amaranthus cruentus, A. hypochondriacus

    Grano De Amaranto, Grano De Amaranto

    La cultivación de Grano de Amaranto para alimento viene de las civilizaciones antiguas de los aztecas en México. Las especies de Grano de Amaranto son altamente variables; puede ser necesario experimentar con variedades de las especies disponibles para encontrar la más indicada para un área...