Lutte contre les mauvaises herbes

Les mauvaises herbes sont une contrainte biotique importante pour la production alimentaire. Les mauvaises herbes rivalisent avec les cultures pour les mêmes ressources, essentiellement l'eau, les nutriments, la lumière et le dioxyde de carbone. De plus, ce sont des hôtes alternatifs pour les ravageurs et les agents pathogènes des cultures. De plus, certains d'entre eux sont partiellement autotrophes et ne se développent pleinement qu'en parasitant des cultures ou des hôtes sauvages. La mondialisation du commerce et la faiblesse des législations sur le contrôle des mauvaises herbes dans la plupart des pays en développement ont favorisé la propagation des plantes exotiques envahissantes (PEE).

Les mauvaises herbes, en général, précèdent les cultures sur les terres agricoles et sont des facteurs majeurs de réduction du rendement. En termes écologiques, la majorité des mauvaises herbes annuelles sont des plantes de stratégie r, établissant des populations avec un taux de croissance relatif élevé (r). Ainsi, ils produisent de nombreuses graines viables et leurs populations se développent rapidement, selon un schéma exponentiel. La concurrence des mauvaises herbes avec les cultures réduit la production agricole (quantité et qualité) et augmente les coûts externes en les répartissant au-delà des limites des exploitations. C'est aussi une contrainte majeure pour l'augmentation de la productivité des agriculteurs’, en particulier dans les pays en développement où le contrlole des mauvaises herbes représente 20 à 50 % du temps des agriculteurs’ et maintient les petits exploitants dans un cercle vicieux de pauvreté.

De la FAO : Gestion intégrée des mauvaises herbes

  1. TN #11 Control of Weeds, Insects and Diseases

    Ressource principale 01/04/1985 On the small farm, or in the home garden, techniques suitable for the production of food might be quite different from those used in large-scale production systems. The use of machinery, for example, might be impossible or uneconomical, or special small-scale equipment might be needed. The wide...
    Weed Control

  2. Les plantes parasites dans l'agriculture africaine

    Ressource principale
    21/03/2019 Cette Note Technique donne un aperçu des plantes parasites d’importance agricole en Afrique. Les herbes parasites provoquent un stress de sécheresse et un retard de croissance au niveau des cultures. Les plantes affectées comprennent les céréales (par exemple, le sorgho [Sorgum bicolor] et le...
    Weed Control Parasitic Plants Weeds Striga Push-pull

  3. National Plant Diagnostic Network

    The NPDN was established in 2002 in response to the need to enhance agricultural security through protecting health and productivity of plants in agricultural and natural ecosystems in the U.S. With support from the USDA-NIFA and through the collective efforts of many individuals representing...
    Plant Disease Pest Control Crop Pests Plant Pathology

  4. Weed Science: Principles and Applications

    25/05/2007 Weeds are the pioneer plants of disturbed soils and can adversely affect the use, economic value, and aesthetic aspect of the lands and waters they infest. Knowledge of the major mechanisms of weed survival is essential for developing effective methods of weed control to maximize the use and...
    Weed Control Weeds Herbicides

  5. Parasitic plants in African agriculture—A growing problem

    13/11/2018 Mistletoes (parasitic shrubs from diverse families), dodders (species of Cuscuta); and witchweeds and their relatives, Striga, Alectra, and Rhamphicarpa species are major constraints on African crops especially in grain and legume production. They are highly specialized weeds so understanding...
    Striga Weed Control

  6. Identification, Impacts, and Control of Ragweed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

    Ragweed parthenium (a.k.a. parthenium weed, Santa Maria feverfew, congress grass, carrot weed, white top, etc.), a member of the Asteraceae (Compositae) family, is native to Mexico and Central and South America and is becoming an increasingly troublesome weed around the world (Figure 1)....
    Parthenium Parthenium hystero... East Africa Latin America and ...

  7. Managing striga weed and other parasitic weeds

    08/08/2018 Session: African Witchweeds and Their Relatives—Biology, Sanitation, and Control Biographical Information: Lytton John Musselman is Mary Payne Hogan Distinguished Professor of Botany at Old Dominion University and has researched Striga as a Fulbright Professor at the University of Khartoum; as a...
    Striga East Africa

  8. Eat the Weeds - and other things, too

    The quickest and safest way to learn foraging is with a local expert. You not only learn what there is to know but do not spend time learning things you don’t need to know. Further, you also get the local angle on plants, important information that is usually not found in foraging books published...
    Foraging

  9. Weed Suppression by Cover Plants in the Amazonian

    Abstract,Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019 The productivity of citrus plants has not reached its maximum potential due to the action of several factors that directly affect agricultural profitability. Among these factors, weed interference has a great importance since it causes a reduction in...
    Jackbean Millet Weed Control

  10. Effects of solarization on critical period of weed control in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

    Abstract,Outlook on Agriculture. 2017 In order to determine the critical period of weed control in sesame, field studies were conducted during the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons in Estahban, Iran. The experiments were conducted based on factorial arrangement which involved a randomized complete...
    Weed Control Weeds

  11. Parthenium hysterophorus - Video

    Material is presented in English and Kiswahili Parthenium hysterophorus is a noxious weed invading East Africa. It reduces crop growth and can harm the health of both humans and animals. ECHO is raising awareness of it through an educational video, presentations, and community involvement.
    Parthenium carrot top farmississa allelopathic allelopathy East Africa

  12. Making and Testing an Alternative Herbicide for Smallholder Farmers

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #26 ECHO Asia Impact Center staff members first heard about alternative herbicide recipes that use fermented papaya and pineapple from a retired technical school teacher and organic farmer, Kru Pratoom. As weeding is a big part of any farmer’s life, the Seed...
    Asia

  13. Parthenium hysterophorus

    09/02/2017 Parthenium hysterophorus, also known as carrot top, white top weed, and fever few is a fairly new invasive weed but has quickly become one of the worst weeds to tropical areas(CABI 2015). In Ethiopia it is known as Farmasissa which means “sign your land away” (IAPPS 2016). Originally from Central...
    Parthenium Parthenium hystero... carrot top farmississa allelopathic East Africa

  14. Plant Ecology

    26/03/2015 Understanding the structure of plants and how they interact with their environment proves to be very important and helpful in overcoming agricultural challenges from drought to pests and from climate change to introducing new plant varieties. In this workshop, participants will gain valuable...

  15. Working With Weeds In The Tropics

    How to get started in this thick mat of weedy trees? What to do about all the huge clumping grasses in the pineapple patch? How to manage this morning glory vine strangling the orchard? I have had a lot of questions come up in the course of working in permaculture in Hawai'i, for myself on my own...

  16. Making Aquatic Weeds Useful: Some Perspectives for Developing Countries

    Ressource principale 01/01/1976 Perspectives for developing countries for controlling aquatic weeds and using them to best advantage, especially those methods that show promise for less-developed countries. ASIN:B001988YC8
    Botany-Economic Aquatic Weeds Aquatic weeds-Econ... Weeds

  17. Guide to the naturalized and invasive plants of Eastern Africa

    20/01/2017 Both in Ethiopia and in the countries of East Africa, the continuing proliferation and spread of invasive alien species (IAS) is now recognized as a serious problem, which needs to be addressed. While this situation has improved dramatically over the past 10 years, further progress has been...
    Invasives Aquatic organisms Aquatic Weeds Introduced Species Invasive Species Weed Control Weeds East Africa

  18. Edible Leaves of the Tropics ; 3rd ed.

    Ressource principale 01/10/1998 Third Edition [library also has 2 copies of the 1975edition] People interested in tropical gardening or botany will find this an indispensable guide to several hundred species of plants with edible leaves. Leaves can provide high-quality food, and in the tropics, many are from perennials...
    Leaves Edible Plants Edible Leaves Tropical Agriculture Tropical plants Edible greens

  19. Connaissez-vous cette mauvaise herbe étouffante?

    11/07/2016 Récemment, Erwin Kinsey, Directeur régional du Centre d'impact de ECHO en Afrique de l'Est et Bob Hargrave, Coordonnateur de la recherche technique, ont reçu une demande d'un membre du réseau de ECHO pour identifier et proposer des méthodes de lutte contre une « nouvelle mauvaise herbe qui se...
    Pest Management East Africa

  20. Controlling Weeds in Tree Plantings

    20/10/2007 Overstory Issue 188 (about accelerated natural regeneration, or ANR) included information about weeding in forests. Here we share an excerpt on reducing competition with weeds.
    Weed Control Agroforestry

  21. Tithonia Weed -- A Potential Green Manure Crop

    19/07/1997 Scientists at the International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Kenya have recently determined that the weedy shrubTithonia diversifoliahas potential as a green manure crop.
    Green Manures Mulch

  22. Protecting Maize with “Weeds”

    01/10/2002 A habitat management system to control stemborers and striga has been developed by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), along with Kenya’s Ministry of Agriculture, the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), and IACR-Rothamsted of the UK. The system is called a...
    IPM Integrated Pest Ma... Crop Pests Maize

  23. Grass Mulch an Innovative Way of Gardening in the Dry Tropics

    01/01/1993 When I visited Jamaica a couple years ago I learned that farmers in south St. Elizabeth Parish were growing a good crop of scallions. What was unique is that they relied on rainfall in an area that is normally too dry for intensive vegetable production without irrigation. In fact, they were...
    Scallion Mulching Guinea Grass Panicum maximum Grassmulch

  24. Integrated Weed Management (IWM)

    Weeds are important biotic constraint to food production. Weeds compete with crops for the same resources, basically water, nutrients, light and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, they are alternate hosts for crop pests and pathogens. Moreover, some of them lack autotrophy and fully develop only by...
    Weed Control Weeds

  25. Allelopathy for weed control in agricultural systems

    Abstract ,Crop Protection, 2015 Weeds are a hidden foe for crop plants, interfering with their functions and suppressing their growth and development. Yield losses of 34% are caused by weeds among the major crops, which are grown worldwide. These yield losses are higher than the losses caused by...
    Weed Control Weeds allelopathy

  26. Crop Protection (Journal)

    The Official Journal of theInternational Association for the Plant Protection Sciences The Editors ofCrop Protectionespecially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how differentcontrol strategiescan be integrated into practicalpest managementprograms, covering high and...

  27. Lutte intégrée contre striga - video

    AccessAgriculture Training Video La mauvaise herbe parasitaire, appelée striga, cause plus de dégâts aux cultures céréalières sur les sols pauvres, donc il faut gérer les deux problèmes ensemble. Dans cette vidéo, nous allons apprendre pourquoi il est important de combiner au moins trois options...
    Weeds Weed Control Striga AccessAgriculture Farm Management East Africa West Africa

  28. Contrôle des mauvaises herbes en riziculture - video

    AccessAgriculture Training Video Une bonne gestion des mauvaises herbes peut accroître les rendements de plus de 50 %. C’est donc un aspect auquel il est bon, en tant qu’agriculteur, de prêter une attention particulière. Langues disponibles Anglais Arabe Ateso Bangla Birman Chichewa / Nyanja...
    Rice Weeds Weed Control AccessAgriculture East Africa

  29. Houe rotative - video

    AccessAgriculture Training Video Une bonne gestion des mauvaises herbes peut accroître les rendements de plus de 50 %, mais cette gestion est laborieuse. C’est donc un aspect auquel il est bon, en tant qu’agriculteur, d'investir dans des outils de gestion efficientes et économes en main-d'œuvre....
    Weeds Weed Control AccessAgriculture Rice Farm Equipment Appropriate Techno... East Africa

  30. L’arrachage manuel du striga - video

    AccessAgriculture Training Video Il est important d’arracher le striga à la main avant qu’il ne produise des graines, et se disperse. Comme l’arrachage à la main est laborieux, mieux vaut réduire le nombre de plantes de striga en mettant du compost ou du fumier en faisant la rotation ou la...
    Weed Control Striga AccessAgriculture Cereals

  31. Du compost contre le striga - video

    AccessAgriculture Training Video Le compost est plus puissant que le fumier. Ce qui est moins connu est que les micro-organismes dans le compost attaquent les graines de striga dans le sol. Le compost réduit aussi l’émergence du striga et diminue son effet négative sur les cultures de céréale....
    Weed Control Weeds Striga Compost Soil Fertility Sustainable Land M... AccessAgriculture

  32. Parthenium hysterophorus

    09/02/2017 Parthenium hysterophorus, also known as carrot top, white top weed, and fever few is a fairly new invasive weed but has quickly become one of the worst weeds to tropical areas(CABI 2015). In Ethiopia it is known as Farmasissa which means “sign your land away” (IAPPS 2016). Originally from Central...
    Parthenium Parthenium hystero... carrot top farmississa allelopathic East Africa

  33. Managing striga weed and other parasitic weeds

    Session:African Witchweeds and Their Relatives—Biology, Sanitation, and Control Biographical Information:Lytton John Musselman is Mary Payne Hogan Distinguished Professor of Botany at Old Dominion University and has researched Striga as a Fulbright Professor at the University of Khartoum; as a...
    Striga East Africa

  34. Field Dodder - Cuscuta campestris

    The parasitic weedC. campestrisis native to North America but has been introduced around the world and become a weed in many countries. It is by far the most important of the dodders, perhaps because of its wide host range. This ensures that there is a wide range of crop seeds that may be...
    Weeds

  35. What Makes A Weed A Weed

    Ralph Waldo Emerson described a weed as a plant whose virtue has not yet been discovered. And when you’re hoeing or pulling weeds, it definitely can be a challenge to find anything virtuous about them. Those that are the peskiest and most hated thrive in places you don’t want them to be, whether...
    Weeds

  36. Weed-crop competition: a review

    This review reports what has been done by whom. It imcludes articles directly related to weed-crop competition published prior to June 1978.
    Plant Competition Weeds

  37. Turf Weeds and Their Control

    01/01/1994 Because managing weeds usually involves a combination of chemical and cultural methods, it should be based on a knowledge of the specific weeds to be controlled, the habitats in which thye are likely to occur and the means by which they enter and persist in a turfgrass community. This information...
    Turfgrasses Turf Management

  38. Resources on Parthenium

    15/02/2017 Except: Parthenium hysterophorus, also known as carrot top, white top weed, and fever few is a fairly new invasive weed but has quickly become one of the worst weeds to tropical areas(CABI 2015). In Ethiopia it is known as Farmasissa which means “sign your land away” (IAPPS 2016). Originally from...
    Parthenium East Africa

  39. The Value of Weeds in a Corn Field

    01/10/2002 During one rainy season 24 families in a Mexican village and 10 vendors at a regional market were regularly interviewed about type and quantity of weed use. Also the weed vegetation was surveyed and 49 farmers were interviewed concerning their farming practices and costs. All of the 74 weed...
    Wild Food Maize Dark Green Leafy V...

  40. Striga Controlled in Pearl Millet by Intercropping With Cowpea

    19/01/1996 The parasiticweed Striga hermonthica is a major problem in African millet fields. International Agricultural Development (Jan/Feb 1994) reports that dense intercropping of cowpea in millet stands can reduce Striga emergence.
    Weed Control Crop Pests Parasites

  41. International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences (IAPPS)

    An integrated approach to plant protection The mission of the International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences (IAPPS) is to promote and support an integrated, scientific approach to plant protection. Embracing a wide range of research approaches, technologies and practices, IAPPS aims...

  42. La biologie du striga - video

    AccessAgriculture Training Video Un des principaux parasites est le striga, une mauvaise herbe qui suce le jus et les nutriments des plantes de céréales comme le mil, le sorgho et le maïs et qui cause des pertes enormes en rendement. En fait, une seule plante de striga peut produire des centaines...
    Weeds Weed Control Striga AccessAgriculture

  43. Cultiver ligne par ligne - video

    AccessAgriculture Training Video Les agriculteurs du nord du Nigeria changent la façon dont ils intercalent leurs sorgho et mil avec le niébé. En semant les deux cultures à plus haute densité et dans des lignes séparées, et en appliquant un peu d'engrais organiques et minéral, ils récoltent plus...
    Intercropping Sorghum Cowpea Striga Soil Fertility Sustainable Land M... AccessAgriculture West Africa

  44. App: Pacific Pests & Pathogens

    Available on: iOS Android When crop pests and diseases occur farmers want immediate solutions. Time is of the essence. If they have to go searching for information which takes days to find, it might already be too late. They need to know what the problem is, what's caused it, and what to do...
    iOS Android Pacific Area

  45. Applied weed science

    01/01/1985 The purpose of this book is to meet the need for a reference that relates the principles of weed science directly to weed control situations encountered in the field. Although the concept is simple, the objective is difficult to attain. To be successful in weed control, one must conceptualize...
    Weeds Weed Control

  46. Weed Science Society of America

    The Weed Science Society of America, a non-profit professional society, promotes research, education, and extension outreach activities related to weeds; provides science-based information to the public and policy makers; and fosters awareness of weeds and their impacts on managed and natural...
    Weeds Weed Control

  47. Weed Control, cultural and chemical

    This manual has several purposes. First, the extent and nature of weed problems are studied. Then, the importance of knowing the growth habits of the weeds is discussed. Next the various methods of control are examined. The recommended safety practices are also included in the study. Finally, the...
    Weeds Weed Control

  48. USDA Invasive Species Information Center

    TheNational Invasive Species Information Center (NISIC)was established in 2005 atUSDA'sNational Agricultural Library (NAL)to meet the information needs of users including theNational Invasive Species Council.Executive Order 13112established the Council in 1999. NISICmanages the...
    Invasive Species Weeds

  49. Identifying seedling and mature weeds common in the southeastern United States

    The descriptions of the 90 weeds included in this publication are arranged in the order of the appearance of the weeds in the taxonomic key. Common and scientific names of the weeds are those indicated in the Composite List of Weeds published by the Weed Science Society of America.
    Weeds Weeds-Seedlings Southern States Seedlings

  50. Weeds of Southern turfgrasses: golf courses, lawns, roadsides, recreational areas, commercial sod

    01/01/2004 Pgs 208: illus Gift of Wand Krolikowski March, 2023 The weeds shown in this book are arranged alphabetically by family and scientific name within famiy. For each species, the Weed Science Society of America approved family, common and scientific name is shown along with a picture. Alternative...
    Weeds Southern States Turfgrasses

  51. Devastating Weed that Favors Mosquitoes - Parthenium and its Potential to Increase Malaria in East Africa

    Abstract, ICPE, 2021 The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology(icipe) has generated new evidence of the immense threat posed by a highly destructive invasive plant, known scientifically asParthenium hysterophorus,towards probable escalation of malaria incidents in East Africa. In...
    Mosquitoes Malaria Parthenium ICIPE

  52. Is Pasture Cropping a Valid Weed Management Tool?

    Luna IM, Fernández-Quintanilla C, Dorado J. Is Pasture Cropping a Valid Weed Management Tool. Plants (Basel). 2020 Jan 21;9(2):135. doi: 10.3390/plants9020135. PMID: 31973212; PMCID: PMC7076652. The aim of the present work was to study the feasibility of pasture cropping under the Mediterranean...

  53. Weed Ecology and New Approaches for Management

    01/01/2021 Satisfying consumer needs through the production of healthy and nutritious agricultural products is a substantial challenge facing modern agriculture. However, agricultural production should be carried out with care for plant health, biological safety of products, and environmental safety while...
    Weed Control Weed Management Ecology Downloads MDPI Open Access Books

  54. WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas

    WIKTROP is a geographical extension of WIKWIO portal to tropical and mediterranean areas around the world. It aims to strengthen science and technology orientation to achieving food security by enhancing agricultural productivity in the tropical and mediterranean areas.

  55. Non Chemical Weed Management: Principles, Concepts and Technology

    01/01/2007 Following several decades of popularity after the Second World War, the use of synthetic herbicides is now experiencing a backlash within the agriculture industry. The increase in organic farming and concerns about potential negative effects on human health and the environment is creating a...
    Weed Management Non Chemical Natural resources Environmental Stew... Human Health Weeds