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This field guide provides agricultural scientists, extension workers and quarantine specialists with information on the life cycle, damage symptoms, distribution and host plants of major fruit fly species of fruits and vegetables in Africa. The purpose, tools and methodology for fruit fly monitoring, suppression and host fruit processing and handling are also comprehensively covered. Additionally, brief sections on safety precautions A-1 during monitoring and suppression, and packaging, handling and shipment of specimens to facilitate identification are provided. The field guide also provides a simple, user-friendly taxonomic key to all the common fruit fly species to allow for rapid identification of the major species found on fruits in Africa. This manual is to be considered as a 'working document' to be regularly updated as fruit fly taxonomy and management techniques continue to improve and global experience in control programmes continues to expand.