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In any location, there will be some indigenous food plants. These are edible plants native to and characteristic of a region or country. Closely related are traditional foods, defined in an article in Ground Up magazine as “plants that formed the pre-colonial diet.” In Africa, such plants include sorghum, millet and cowpea.

Indigenous food plants can be an extremely important part of the local diet, for a number of reasons:

  • Indigenous food plants tend to be very nutritious, often more nutritious than some introduced (and perhaps more popular) plants.
  • Indigenous crops are well-adapted to the regions where they originate. They often are free of pests and diseases, and are able to grow in extremely difficult conditions (in very dry areas or in very acidic or alkaline soil, for example). Sometimes they have even come to be considered weeds!
  • The diversity provided by eating indigenous vegetables contributes to food security. Rather than relying on one food crop, a wide range of food plants are eaten and enjoyed. If one fails to grow and produce, others can be eaten instead.

People in a given area likely have some history of eating indigenous plants, though in many places such knowledge is rapidly being lost. One reason is a widespread impression, especially among younger people, that traditional varieties are ‘primitive’ or ‘old,’ and that farming is a disgraceful vocation.



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  2. 01-04-2009 If you work in a country that is not your own, chances are you sometimes wonder about which crops to grow and promote. A good first step is to find out what is already being grown in-country. It will quickly become obvious what the staple grains are. Less apparent, and often greatly...
  3. Tài Nguyên Chính
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  7. 01-04-2012 Introduction In many parts of tropical Asia, especially on rainfed farms, there has been an explosion of acreage planted in maize. The increase in commercial maize production is driven by growing livestock feed demand, and is displacing many traditional crops, including the staple upland rice....
  8. This article is from ECHO Asia Note #12 In 2010 the ECHO Asia Impact C enter, along with lead partner, Pennsylvania State University, and Maejo University, was awarded a CRSP Horticulture Exploratory Project grant with major support from USAID. Entitled, "Strengthening Indigenous Informal Seed...
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  12. In Niger, a social enterprise is using local plants that are resistant to the arid climate of the Sahel to produce nutritious food. The result is better incomes for farmers and a preserved environment. The nutritional value of the leaves, flowers, fruit and seeds of some 15 wild plants are being...
  13. Abstract, BioResources, 2018 The world has huge floral diversity, whereas there often is poor and irrational utilization, especially of indigenous plants and residues from agricultural processes. Trees, shrubs, and herbs can have multiple uses at different levels as medicines and sources of...
  14. RIG Network – working to support local food production in and by remote Indigenous communities for food security, better health, wealth and wellbeing. We acknowledge the Traditional Owners and Custodians of this land, throughout Australia and celebrate and recognise their continuing connection to...
  15. For probably as long as people have lived in Africa, they have eaten culturally and traditionally important indigenous fruits such as baobab, desert date, black plum, and tamarind. Farmers have been able to enjoy the fruit of these plentiful wild trees without developing any knowledge of how to...
  16. Tài Nguyên Chính 01-04-2000 Until the beginning of the 20th century, people in Africa depended to a significant extent on food which had its origins in Africa. A diverse range of originally wild African species was domesticated a long time ago and included rootcrops, cereals, legumes and many different vegetables. Popular...
  17. 01-01-1997 The workshopemphasized the need to carry out more research into Africa's own crops rather than finding ways to produce more exotic crops in a hostile environment. Three working groups were established and were asked to prioritize actions required in the near future and to advise on a policy to be...
  18. 02-09-2009 This book provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge of the potential and challenges associated with the multiple roles, use, management and livelihood contributions of indigenous vegetables in urban agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. There has been growing research and policy effort...
  19. The book encourages more Tanzanians to use local varieties of vegetables in their cooking. It describes the preparation techniques as well as the health and nutritional values of traditional vegetables. Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity 49 pages, illustrated
  20. 01-01-2009 Indigenous vegetables have been used for ages by local communities. However, many are underutilized because their value is not appreciated, particularly in regions where the plants are not native. This book attempts to narrow the knowledge gap. It is meant for consumers who would benefit from...
  21. 14-11-1995 In feeding themselves with perishable-prone supplies, rural societies have resorted to fermenting corn, rice, and milk to produce foods of nutritional value for local consumption. For example, in Zhengzhou, China, microbial fermentation of bean curd, by concentrating the protein conten of the...
  22. 01-01-2005 24 pages, illustrated, photos Links Project: gender, biodiversity and local knowledge systems for food security Report No. 40
  23. Tài Nguyên Chính 10-12-2007 It has been recognized that an important factor in improving the viability of rural livelihoods in developing countries is the promotion of sustainable agriculture. As opposed to relying solely on cash crops, this can be more easily achieved through the domestication of various indigenous fruit...
  24. 01-01-2004 The purpose of this study is to provide recommendations for enhancing the role of indigenous vegetables for improved nutrition, healthy diet, and diversified income generation in home garden production and commercial farming systems in Tanzania. The study uses a multidisciplinary approach to...
  25. 01-01-1966 This volume presents numberous data on locally available sources for improving the diet and by recommending and describing methods that are not beyond the capacity of the rural population.
  26. 05-08-2018
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  28. 01-01-1992 La presente publicacion da cuenta de esta inedita experiencia en el manejo, germinacion y produccion de especies nativeas en vivero, desarrolladas por cerca de doce anos. Nuestro interes, como con otras publicaciones del CAAP, es el de aportar, tanto al conocimiento tecnologico, como a la...
  29. Lightning Talk, ECHOEast Africa Pastoralist Symposium, March 29, 2022. Presenter: Hannah Longole, Executive Director Ateker Cultural Center, Uganda
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  31. This resource of wild edible plants in Uganda was contributed by Sara Sytsma. She shared: I ask people in the villages to teach me about different plants they eat.I started on a "book" with the information I could collect so far.Some Ugandan agricultural development staff have helped me too. If...
  32. Abstract, International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2015 The wide-spread presence of home gardens, in developing nations is a strong foundation for food security, both in terms of quantity and quality. Indigenous wild food plants are a rich source of health-giving micronutrients, which are...
  33. Slow Food is a global, grassroots organization, founded in 1989 toprevent the disappearance of local food cultures and traditions, counteract the rise of fast life and combat people’s dwindling interest in the food they eat, where it comes from and how our food choices affect the world around us....
  34. Amadou Issoufou , Lawali Sitou ,Smart Management of Malnutrition Using Local Foods: A Sustainable Initiative for Developing Countries,Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Vol 6,2022,URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.725536,...
  35. Abstract, Foods, 2020 Wild food plants (WFPs) are often highly nutritious but under-consumed at the same time. This study aimed to document the diversity of WFPs, and assess perceptions, attitudes, and drivers of change in their consumption among Minangkabau and Mandailing women farmers in West...
  36. Abstract, Plants-People-Planet, 2020 As the world's population is increasing, humanity is facing both shortages (hunger) and excesses (obesity) of calorie and nutrient intakes. Biodiversity is fundamental to addressing this double challenge, which involves a far better understanding of the global...
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  40. Abstract, South African Journal of Botany, 2019 Highlights • A comprehensive inventory of edible plants of southern Africa is presented. • The inventory includes 1740 food plant species from 74 sources. • Apocynaceae has the highest number of edible plants (137 species). • The diversity in...
  41. Atuna, R.A., Djah, J., Achaglinkame, M.A.et al.Types of indigenous vegetables consumed, preparation, preferences and perceived benefits in Ghana.J. Ethn. Food9, 38 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42779-022-00154-3 Indigenous vegetables (IVs) are rich sources of essential nutrients, particularly...
  42. Indigenous vegetables — plant species consumed in specific locations as part of traditional diets — have the potential to diversify cropping systems, increase farm income, and add a range of vital micronutrients to diets. AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center collects and characterizes indigenous...
  43. Kodzwa, J.J., Madamombe, G., Masvaya, E.N.et al.Optimization of African indigenous vegetables production in sub Saharan Africa: a review.CABI Agric Biosci4, 44 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-023-00184-0 The numerous types of African Indigenous Vegetables (AIVs) in sub-Saharan Africa are...
  44. Olawuyi, S. O., Ijila, O. J., Adegbite, A., Olawuyi, T. D., & Farayola, C. O. (2024). Smallholder Farmers’ Use of Indigenous Knowledge Practices in Agri-food Systems: Contribution of Food Security Attainment Drive.Research on World Agricultural Economy,5(2), 45–67....